Edit Notre Dame de Paris

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Metro:Cite Built over a period of over two hundred years, Notre Dame de Paris is the grandest of all the cathedrals in France. From the laying of the foundation stone, personally laid by Bishop de Sully in 1123, to the completion of the final elements in 1345, the cathedral was lavished with all the attention and support the French court and church could muster. As the symbolic center of the French Catholic church, the cathedral displays some obvious signs of its animosity toward the Jewish religion. On either side of the central portal are two tall niches, decorated by two female figures in stark contrast. On the left, Ecclesia, representing the Catholic doctrine, is crowned and bearing a scepter. Her regal, assured gaze takes in the shambolic figure of Synagoga to her right, meant to represent the Jewish faith. Her staff is broken, the Ten Commandments slipping from her hands, her crown at her feet, and a serpent winds itself around her eyes, obscuring her vision. The message that Judaism was a false and defeated religion could not be communicated more clearly.